数字经济时代的企业管理变革Transformation of Enterprise Management in the Era of Digital Economy
戚聿东;肖旭;
摘要(Abstract):
关于数字经济时代企业管理变革的研究,国内外学者给予了一定关注,但是缺乏系统性、整合性研究。本文在经典企业管理理论的基础上,结合全球企业管理创新的实践证据,从全景式视角探讨了数字经济引发的企业管理变革。数字经济背景下,用户价值主导和替代式竞争作为驱动企业管理变革的两个根本力量,不仅推动着企业目标的转变和治理结构的创新,而且推动着企业内部管理模式的一系列变革,包括组织结构趋于网络化、扁平化,营销模式趋于精准化、精细化,生产模式趋于模块化、柔性化,产品设计趋于版本化、迭代化,研发模式趋于开放化、开源化,用工模式趋于多元化、弹性化。本文研究有助于中国企业顺应数字经济运行规律做好相应的管理变革。
关键词(KeyWords): 数字经济;企业管理;变革
基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金重大项目“技术标准与知识产权协同推进数字产业创新的机理与路径研究”(批准号19ZDA077)的资助
作者(Authors): 戚聿东;肖旭;
DOI: 10.19744/j.cnki.11-1235/f.2020.0091
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- (1)根据《数据驱动创新:经济增长和社会福利中的大数据》,信息被视为通过数据或其他来源传达的事实解释所产生的意义。因此,信息中包含了发送人的主观思想。参见经济合作与发展组织著:《数据驱动创新:经济增长和社会福利中的大数据》,张晓等译,电2020 6子工业出版社,2017年12月。
- (2)“源点论”由红领集团创始人张代理提出,用户需求就是源点,企业的一切都必须从用户需求出发。与“源点论”相对应的组织体系,就是“全员对应目标,目标对应全员、高效协同”。为了建立这样的体系,红领集团采用了“四去两组”的变革思路,即“去领导化、去部门、去科层、去审批,成为强组织和自组织的平台化组织”。
- (3)Sikimic等(2016)认为,内向开放化创新是将外部的技术和知识整合到组织的创新过程中,主要形式有兼并收购、合资等;外向开放化创新是将组织内的技术和知识向外部扩散,主要形式有技术授权、技术合作等。
- (4)根据2019年4月阿里研究院发布的《从互联网+到智能+--智能技术群落的聚变与赋能》,液态组织中部门边界模糊,小组成员会随着任务目标的变化而变化,表现为“自由组合、自由流动”。